Effect of Remote Myofascial Intervention on Musculoskeletal Health and Functional Performance: A Systematic Review

Introduction:
Fascia plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily function and life. It transmits mechanical stresses faster than muscles. This paper reviews recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning range of motion (ROM), pain and function with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of remote myofascial intervention (RMI).

Material and methods:
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science until September 2024. Studies were screened using PRISMA guidelines. Data extracted included sample size, participant age, intervention type, treatment area, outcome measure and results.

Results:
Nineteen RCTs and cross-over trials met the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using PEDro scores. Intervention durations ranged from 30 seconds to four minutes across one to three sets, with evaluations conducted from pre-test to up to four weeks post-test. Variables measured included ROM, Pain Pressure Threshold (PPT), tissue elasticity, and interceptive sensitivity. The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024589547).

Conclusions:
RMI appears effective for improving flexibility and pain, but optimal implementation remains uncertain. Most studies highlight the role of viscoelastic properties and neural receptor stimulation in force transmission through myofascial chains; however, their relative contributions remain unclear. Further research is needed to assess the impact of RMI on musculoskeletal conditions, exploring a broader range of outcome variables.