Effect of Remote Myofascial Intervention on Musculoskeletal Health and Functional Performance: A Systematic Review

Introduction
Fascia, rich in water, plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily function and life. It transmits mechanical stresses faster than muscles. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Remote Myofascial Intervention (RMI) based on Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) concerning Range of Motion (ROM), pain, and function.

Material and methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science until September 2024. Studies were screened using PRISMA guidelines. Data extracted included sample size, participant age, intervention types, treatment areas, outcome measures, and results.

Results
Nineteen RCTs and cross-over trials met the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using PEDro scores. Intervention durations ranged from 30 seconds to 4 minutes across 1–3 sets, with evaluations conducted from pre-test to up to four weeks post-test. Variables measured included ROM, Pain Pressure Threshold (PPT), tissue elasticity, and interceptive sensitivity. The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024589547).

Conclusions
RMI appears effective in improving flexibility and pain, but optimal implementation remains uncertain. Most studies highlight the role of viscoelastic properties and neural receptor stimulation in force transmission through myofascial chains, though their relative contributions remain unclear. Further research is needed to assess RMI’s impact on musculoskeletal conditions, exploring a broader range of outcome variables.