eISSN: 2299-0046
ISSN: 1642-395X
Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Editorial board Reviewers Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
SCImago Journal & Country Rank
6/2020
vol. 37
 
Share:
Share:
abstract:
Review paper

The whole truth about botulinum toxin – a review

Henryk Witmanowski
1
,
Katarzyna Błochowiak
2

  1. Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
  2. Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Adv Dermatol Allergol 2020; XXXVII (6): 853–861
Online publish date: 2019/02/05
View full text Get citation
 
Treatment with botulinum toxin is widely viewed as safe, effective and largely devoid of serious side effects. There are two classes of Botox-related adverse events – transient and benign events, and potentially serious events. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of Botox-related side effects and advise potential management and preventive strategies. Benign side effects are well-localized, reversible and self-limited complications which develop within a few days of the injection, and they usually disappear without any treatment. The aesthetic and functional adverse effects are associated with different muscle responses to botulinum toxin or with misplacement of botulinum toxin. The serious events are sequelae due to the systemic spread of toxin leading to botulism.
keywords:

botulinum toxin, plastic surgery, aesthetic surgery

Quick links
© 2024 Termedia Sp. z o.o.
Developed by Bentus.